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Stanislaus Poultry Worker Convicted in Comp Fraud Case

The Stanislaus County District Attorney’s Office announced the conviction of a retired Foster Farms employee for workers’ compensation insurance fraud.

Gurmail Singh was employed in the processing facility for the company and reported an on the job injury in November of 2014. Singh filed a workers’ compensation claim and as a result, received medical treatment and workers’ compensation benefits.

He retired from Foster Farms in June of 2015 and continued to receive benefits.

During a subsequent investigation, it was alleged Singh presented false statements and material misrepresentations during his deposition and at a medical appointment. Singh misrepresented facts as it related to his physical abilities and limitations associated with his injury and prior medical history.

On February 28, 2020, Singh pleaded no contest to Insurance Fraud, in violation of Insurance Code section 1871.4(a)(2), in that he unlawfully and knowingly made a false and fraudulent material statement in support of obtaining workers’ compensation insurance benefits.

He was convicted and sentenced to three years probation and ordered to pay restitution in the amount of $3,200 to Foster Farms for reimbursement of investigation costs.

This case was a joint investigation with Foster Farms’ Special Investigation Unit and the Amador County District Attorney’s Workers’ Compensation Fraud Unit.

The Fraud Unit investigates insurance fraud cases in Stanislaus County through a grant provided by the California Department of Insurance.

Feds Pursue Another Spinal Implant Company for Kickbacks

SpineFrontier is a medical technology company that designs, develops and markets both implants and instruments for spine surgery based on the Less Exposure Surgery (LES®). Since its founding in 2006, the company says it has launched 35 new products.

The U.S. Attorney’s Office is suing SpineFrontier and an associated consulting firm, Impartial Medical Experts (IME), as well as executives of both companies alleging they paid $8 million in kickbacks to induce surgeons to use the device company’s products.

Prosecutors also announced they had settled civil health care fraud claims against five physicians, each of whom admitted to seeking and obtaining kickbacks from SpineFrontier, via IME, for consulting work They did not perform.

Each physician also admitted that SpineFrontier, CEO Kingsley Chin, or CFO Aditya Humad specifically instructed them to bill “consulting” hours to SpineFrontier for each surgery in which they used a SpineFrontier device, regardless of whether they spent any time actually consulting.

The government alleges that SpineFrontier and IME paid more than $8 million in kickbacks to surgeons, which generated more than $100 million in revenue, with the vast majority of SpineFrontier’s total domestic sales revenues coming from kickback-tainted surgeries.

Each of the five settling surgeons cooperated with the government’s investigation into the defendants, according to prosecutors, who said they took that cooperation into account in these settlements.

In connection with the filing of its complaint, the government intervened in two private whistleblower lawsuits that had been filed under seal pursuant to the False Claims Act. The cases are United States ex rel. Birchall v. SpineFrontier, Inc. et al., No. 15-cv-12877 and United States ex rel. Miller & Bennett v. SpineFrontier, Inc. et al., No. 15-cv-12908.

And SpineFrontier FDA compliance problems date back many years. One started when Patricia Katz, a new accountant with SpineFrontier, Inc., enrolled in two compliance classes. By the time this story ends, Katz is fired and suing her former employer under the whistleblower protection law.

Katz says she learned that the company’s lot tracking and tracing procedures violated federal safety regulations for medical devices. When reviewing usage forms, Katz said she immediately noticed that the lot numbers associated with SpineFrontier’s medical devices were rarely, if ever, recorded.

Katz sent an anonymous email to the FDA to determine whether or not SpineFrontier was in fact required to record lot numbers.

When she received confirmation from the FDA that what she had learned in compliance training was correct and that what she had been told by SpineFrontier officials was wrong, she forwarded her correspondence with an FDA agent to three company officials.

She alleges that the company, in spite of positive job performance reviews, fired her for that behavior.

Coventry Outlines Benefits of a Pharmacy Nurse

According to a new Coventry whitepaper, engaging a pharmacy nurse as soon as potential risks are identified is the most proactive approach to patient education and safety.

Pharmacy nurses are specially trained case managers who focus on at-risk claims due to emerging and complex pharmacy utilization, and communicate with prescribing physicians, injured workers, and claims handlers to positively impact drug utilization.

By using a wider lens to manage all aspects of the claim, these nurses:

— Ensure patient engagement, safety, and education.
— Confirm pharmacy utilization is medically appropriate and supports a timely recovery.
— Enable timely medical stability and return-to-work.
— Consult with case managers when complex pharmacy issues are identified on open claims.
— Provide consultation to claims handlers on pharmacy questions and issues.
— Review monthly pharmacy trend reports.
— Collaborate with clinical pharmacists on alternative medications.
— Utilize drug utilization assessment (DUA) to assist in provider discussions.

A pharmacy nurse can work quickly to identify concerning medications to reduce the likelihood of addiction. During early narcotic intervention, pharmacy nurses can call the prescriber to discuss alternative treatment plans to influence future prescribing habits and decrease narcotic utilization.

From first opioid utilization through discontinuation, a pharmacy nurse can support patients at each step of therapy, advocating for the safe and effective discontinuation of opioids for injured workers.

For employers dealing with existing claims, pharmacy nurses can also step in and make significant impacts on older claims with sizeable pharmacy utilization. The nurse reviews the pharmacy history and collaborates with the pharmacy benefit manager (PBM), provider, and injured worker to identify opportunities to reduce overall drug utilization while improving patient safety.

March 2, 2020 News Podcast


Rene Thomas Folse, JD, Ph.D. is the host for this edition which reports on the following news stories: $1.6 Billion Global Settlement with Opioid Manufacturer Mallinckrodt, 18 States File Lawsuit Challenging Limits to Joint Employer Liability, No Time Limit for Recovery Suits Against Secondary Payers, Judge Issues AB-5 Injunction Against Instacart, Hollywood Pharmacy Owners to Serve 12 Years for $11.8M Fraud, Jury Convicts Manhattan Beach Physician of $700K Fraud, DWC Posts Changes to MTUS and OMFS, FDA to Use Claims Data to Confirm Drug Clinical Trials, 24 Companies Join Blockchain Group to Limit Counterfeit Meds.

Owner of Studio City Sleep Clinic to Serve 3 Years for $11.5M Fraud

Anna Vishnevsky, 52, of Valley Village, the former owner of a Studio City medical clinic was sentenced to 37 months in federal prison for causing more than $11.5 million in bills to be submitted to health care benefit programs for unnecessary – and sometimes nonexistent – sleep studies, primarily for employees of United Parcel Service, Inc., and Costco Wholesale Corp.

She was also ordered her to pay $2,747,071 in restitution.

Vishnevsky, who owned Atlas Diagnostic Services, Inc., pleaded guilty in November 2018 to one count of health care fraud.

From March 2014 until June 2016, Vishnevsky participated in a scheme to defraud health care benefit plans. Vishnevsky and others working at her direction recruited patients to participate in sleep study testing at Atlas by offering them cash. She also offered them additional cash if they brought in other sleep study participants, including their co-workers and relatives.

Vishnevsky recruited patients, knowing that no doctor had prescribed sleep study testing for them and regardless of whether the testing was medically necessary or appropriate. Vishnevsky did not score or interpret the data from the testing or send it to anyone who could score or interpret it, which is necessary for diagnosis and treatment.

She submitted insurance claims for sleep study testing performed on the recruited patients, listing physicians that had never treated the patients. She also billed not only for the one night of sleep study testing that the patients had purportedly undergone – regardless of medical necessity – but also for an additional, consecutive night of sleep study testing that was never performed.

In total, Vishnevsky submitted more than $11.5 million in fraudulent insurance claims to health care benefit plans. She received approximately $3 million on those claims, of which $2,747,071 is still outstanding.

A co-defendant, Eddie Hernandez, 46, of Torrance, pleaded guilty in November 2018 to one count of health care fraud and is serving a 30-month federal prison sentence in this case. Hernandez was a UPS driver who helped Vishnevsky recruit people to participate in the fraudulent sleep studies.

Coronavirus: Factors for the Insurance Industry to Consider

If the coronavirus continues to spread worldwide, insurers are likely to confront liability claims that span the spectrum of their insurance product lines. This issue was explored in part 3 of an article on this topic published in the National Law Review.

Workers’ compensation policies generally extend insurance benefits to employees for injuries “arising out of or in the course of employment.” Workers’ compensation actions concerning the language often address whether the claimed injury is truly work-related, focusing on such factors related to the loss as its nature, the injured employee’s activity, the time and the location. Consequently, employees and employers whose work is related to coronavirus should maintain detailed records identifying potential exposures.

General Liability Insurance may also be subject to increased claims. Businesses, particularly those that open their doors to the general public, may find themselves targets of claims that their negligence led to the exposure and infection of clients:

— Exposure resulting in bodily injury or property damage
— Negligence related to visitors to businesses or locations such as offices, daycare centers, retail shops, hotels and places of worship
— Product liability related to air filtration and recirculation, particularly in situations involving airplanes and hospitals
— Personal injury involving occurrences such as wrongful eviction or imprisonment
— Constitutional claims involving the quarantine or restriction of infected or exposed persons
— Negligence or other liability suits against a company or organization that fails to implement a pandemic contingency plan.

Errors & Omissions (E&O) Insurance may also see the effects. There is an adage that the most likely place to get sick is in a hospital. Medical care and managed care providers purchase errors and omissions (E&O) insurance that provides coverage for bodily injury arising out of their providing or failing to provide medical care. While such policies generally preclude coverage for bodily injury to employees during the course of their employment (i.e., an employee being exposed to an infectious or contagious disease), such policies may respond to claims that a health care professional acted or failed to act in a manner that led to a patient (non-employee) contracting a coronavirus bodily injury.

And even Directors & Officers (D&O) Insurance may become involved. The coronavirus has roiled stock markets worldwide, resulting in ups and downs depending on whether the market perceives that the crisis is being managed appropriately and whether global supply chains will be impacted. Ultimately, how a company responds to the coronavirus may subject its directors and officers to the scrutiny of the company’s shareholders. Shareholder suits have become commonplace when market valuations are purported to have unreasonably dipped. In response to a coronavirus-based loss in value, shareholders may argue that the directors and officers committed acts or omissions responsible for the loss in valuation and, in turn, the loss befalling the individual shareholder.

Spine and Joint Pain Most Costly Health Problem in U.S.

What healthcare problems are consuming the largest share of healthcare dollars? Researchers decided to answer that question.

In total, the researchers analyzed 5.9 billion unique insurance claims, 150.4 million ambulance rides, dental procedures, and emergency room visits, 1.5 billion days spent within inpatient or nursing home care, and 5.9 million drug prescriptions. And they just published their results in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Researchers say that when neck and low back pain are combined with other musculoskeletal disorders, including joint and limb troubles, Americans are spending more for treatment than on any other ailment or condition.

Just how much does that add up to? According to data from 2016, an almost inconceivable $380 billion was spent on spinal issues and joint pain.

In all (individuals, public insurance, private insurance), $3.1 trillion was spent on healthcare in the United States in 2016. That comes out to $9,655 for every U.S. citizen, and roughly 17.9% of the U.S. GDP. For reference on just how high prices have skyrocketed, in 1996, healthcare costs only represented 13.3% of the GDP.

“The vast costs associated with healthcare represent one of the most important and contentious issues facing Americans today,” says Dr. Joseph Dieleman of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington’s School of Medicine and lead author of the study, in a release. “Our study provides comprehensive estimates over a 20-year period that highlight how healthcare and prescription drugs are paid for, what they are spent on, and how such payments have changed over time.”

Of all 154 medical conditions included in this research, just lower back and neck pain alone accumulated the highest expenditures ($134.5 billion). After that, diabetes ($111.2 billion), ischemic heart disease ($89.3 billion), and falls ($87.4 billion) weren’t far behind in terms of costs.

Predictably, the majority of those costs were paid for by insurance providers, both public and private.  Regarding lower back and neck pain; $76.9 billion was paid for by private insurance, and $45.2 billion was paid for by public insurance. Still, that left $12.3 billion that had to come out of someone’s pockets.

Meanwhile, private insurers paid $73.3 billion for other musculoskeletal disorders, public insurers covered $46.9 billion in costs, and $9.7 billion was paid for by individuals out of pocket.

For diabetes, $55.4 billion was paid by public insurance, $49.1 billion by private, and $6.7 billion was paid out of pocket.

How about ischemic heart disease? In all, $48.2 billion was paid for by public insurers, $37.9 billion worth of costs were covered by private insurers, and $3.2 billion was paid by individuals.

Finally, falls tallied a hefty tab as well; $40.7 billion was paid for by public insurance, $34.8 billion was paid for by private insurance, and $11.9 billion was settled out of pocket.

Most of that public insurance spending (58.6%) covered bill accumulated by patients over the age of 65. After adjusting for population and age fluctuations, public insurance spending increased much faster than private insurance. The study’s authors attribute this observation to Medicaid expansions.

DEA Describes the Opioid Supply Chain “Shell Game”

Opioid addiction and abuse is one of the factors driving legacy workers’ compensation claims, and extending claim closure time. Recent California and national statistics show a decline in opioid prescribing patterns in claims, suggesting that perhaps the “opioid crisis” is no longer a crisis in claims.

An alternative hypothesis is that those addicted to opioids, remain addicted, and the “crisis” may still be present – just more hidden from view.

The supply chain seems to have shifted from pharmacies to cartels, or perhaps a mixture of the two, the combination of supply may result in a continuation of legacy claims driven mostly by addiction demands made on one supplier, or the other, or both.

In the past few years, Mexican drug cartels have been flooding the United States with methamphetamines and fentanyl, driving the supply so hard and dropping the price so low that it pushes up addiction rates and the market then demands more drugs.

Fentanyl, a synthetic opioid, is 100 times more potent than morphine.

The 2019 National Drug Threat Assessment from the DEA states that “Mexican cartels began to manufacture their own fentanyl and press the drug into pill form as the primary opioid substance, marketing the pills as ‘Mexican oxy’ to those seeking opiate-based pills on the street.”

Meth and fentanyl are both made in labs, making it easier and cheaper for cartels to produce year-round, without the land area and large staff needed for crop maintenance that heroin and cocaine require.

In the past, fentanyl had mainly been mixed into heroin to boost the high, but now it’s often pressed into small blue tablets and stamped with “M30” to closely match the color and markings of prescription oxycodone pills.

Buyers may be unaware the pills contain fentanyl, of which a 2mg dose can be fatal.

“Fentanyl and other highly potent synthetic opioids – primarily sourced from China and Mexico – continue to be the most lethal category of illicit substances misused in the United States,” the 2019 DEA report says.

The volume of fentanyl trafficked from Mexico is high, but the purity is typically low (less than 10 percent pure on average), according to the DEA.

“Conversely, fentanyl trafficked through the mail from China typically arrives in smaller quantities that are highly pure (frequently 90 percent or higher purity),” the DEA report states.

Clandestine fentanyl pill pressing operations are dotted all over the United States, according to the DEA.

These operations are popular since traffickers can invest in as little as a kilogram of fentanyl powder and produce hundreds of thousands of counterfeit fentanyl-containing pills to generate large amounts of revenue,” the report states.

The use of the dark web and cryptocurrency has made it more difficult for law enforcement to track transactions and communications.

Mitchell | Genex Acquires Coventry Workers’ Comp Services

Mitchell | Genex, a provider of cost containment technology, clinical services, and disability management, has announced an agreement to acquire Coventry Workers’ Comp Services from CVS Health. Coventry Workers’ Comp Services is a provider of care and cost management programs for workers’ compensation and auto insurance carriers, third-party administrators, and self-insured employers. Coventry Workers’ Comp Services is currently a division of Aetna, a CVS Health company.

With this acquisition, Mitchell | Genex will expand its capabilities, and add Coventry’s leading PPO network to its continuum of care and cost containment offerings.

Peter Madeja, Genex Services President and CEO said  “We are extremely proud and excited about adding another long-standing, reputable organization to the Mitchell | Genex team. This move will expand the breadth of our cutting-edge cost containment technology and clinical services with the deepest understanding of the workers’ compensation industry and will significantly build upon our network offerings. It reinforces our continuous commitment to help clients navigate through today’s challenges and build better outcomes to improve the lives of injured parties.”

Based in Downers Grove, IL, Coventry Workers’ Comp Services has been a full-service managed care organization for more than 35 years. The company brings approximately 2,000 professionals with deep industry expertise, along with a broad suite of services – network, clinical and specialty – powered by technology to enhance network development, clinical integration and operational efficiencies with a focus on total claims cost.

Following the closing of this acquisition, Coventry Workers’ Comp will continue to be led by Art Lynch, President and CEO, and operate under its brand.

“We are very excited to join Mitchell | Genex and further meet the needs of our ever-changing industry,” said Lynch. “This is a forward-thinking partnership that combines one of the most robust PPO networks with an equally positioned firm in cost containment technology and clinical solutions. These capabilities, when combined with artificial intelligence and advanced analytics, will maximize our clients’ performance today and into the future.”

Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP and Axinn, Veltrop & Harkrider LLP are acting as legal advisors to Mitchell | Genex. Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP and Dechert LLP are acting as legal advisors to CVS Health. BofA Securities is acting as exclusive financial advisor to CVS Health.

The acquisition is subject to customary closing conditions, including applicable regulatory approvals. The financial terms of the transaction are not being disclosed.

San Mateo Physician Faces 20 Years for Illegal Prescribing

A federal grand jury indicted Dr. Timothy Mulligan for the unlawful distribution of opioids, including fentanyl, outside the scope of professional practice and health care fraud.

According to the indictment, Mulligan, 67, of Santa Clara, Calif., is a licensed physician practicing in San Mateo County. A substantial part of Mulligan’s medical practice involved providing prescriptions for controlled substances – primarily opioids.

Mulligan issued an unusually high volume of prescriptions for potent opioids, including fentanyl. For example, according to a state government database, from about August 2014 through June 2018, Mulligan issued more than 9,000 prescriptions for opioids (totaling over 700,000 dosage units) to more than 250 patients.

Overall, Mulligan predominantly prescribed the strongest strength dosages when prescribing fentanyl, oxycodone, and hydrocodone. In certain instances, Mulligan issued opioid prescriptions in quantities that significantly exceeded generally accepted daily quantities for the drug.

The indictment states that because of the unusual pattern and volume of prescriptions issued by Mulligan and other warning signs, certain pharmacies declined to fill prescriptions issued by Mulligan or restricted the types of Mulligan’s prescriptions that they would fill.

As further alleged in the indictment, some individuals who obtained medically unnecessary prescriptions from Mulligan used private insurance or Medi-Cal to cover their office visits or pay for the drugs; others paid with cash. The insurance companies and Medi-Cal would not have paid for the office visits or paid out the pharmacy claims had they known the prescriptions were not medically necessary or were over-prescribed.

The indictment filed on February 27, 2020, charges Mulligan with three counts of distributing controlled substances outside the scope of professional practice, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 84l(a)(l) & 841(b)(l)(C); and two counts of health care fraud, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1347.

If convicted, he faces a maximum sentence of 20 years in prison, a $1,000,000 fine, and a life term of supervised release for each count of distributing controlled substances; and 10 years in prison, a $250,000 fine, and a three-year term of supervised release for each count of health care fraud.

Anyone, including pharmacists and medical professionals, with information about prescriptions issued without a legitimate medical purpose is urged to contact the FBI Tip Line at (415) 553-7400.